Hassan Gharibi

A study on the relationship between family conflict, parenting styles, and internalizing and externalizing disorders through the lens of emotional - Affective temperament. This research is a descriptive structural equation modeling study aimed at establishing the relationship between parental conflict and parenting styles with internalizing and externalizing disorders, mediated by emotional - affective temperament. The study population consisted of all 12-18-year-old adolescent students enrolled in ordinary schools in Divandareh County during the academic year 2023-2024. A cluster sampling method was employed, involving all enrolled students in ordinary schools, with questionnaires sent to all schools in Divandareh. Out of 9376 students in Divandareh, 414 questionnaires were collected. Data was collected using the Child Behavior Checklist from the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, the Composite Trait of Emotion and Affect Scale, the Baumrind Parenting Style Questionnaire, and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales. Our findings indicate that there is a relationship between family conflict, parenting styles, and internalizing and externalizing disorders, mediated by emotional - affective temperament. This relationship is as follows: Family conflict and permissive and authoritarian parenting styles have contributed to the negative aspects of emotional temperament, leading to an increase in internalizing and externalizing disorders. On the other hand, authoritative parenting style has played a role in the positive aspects of emotional - affective temperament, resulting in a decrease in internalizing and externalizing disorders.

This research aims to identify predictors of emotional adaptability and psychological resilience in female teachers in the first district of Sanandaj city, focusing on mentalization and the mediating role of personality organization. The study adopts an applied approach and utilizes descriptive-analytical and survey research methods. Data is collected through Pearson correlation, regression, and path analysis from field sources. The statistical population of the research consists of 460 female teachers in the first district of Sanandaj. The results indicate the significant impact of personality organization mediation in predicting emotional adaptability and psychological resilience. Furthermore, the sub-hypotheses demonstrate meaningful relationships among the examined variables. Other findings reveal a positive correlation between emotional adaptability and mentalization, a negative correlation between psychological resilience and mentalization, as well as a positive correlation between emotional adaptability and psychological resilience. These findings not only provide a basis for improvement initiatives but also enhance awareness in the domain of the psychological factors affecting the performance of female teachers.

Academic burnout is one of the subjects, due to its high prevalence among students, it has been the subject of numerous researches in the field of psychology and learning, and researchers have identified several factors in this regard. In this regard, the aim of this study was to determine the structural model of academic burnout based on academic health promoting behaviors and motivational beliefs with the mediation of problem solving styles in secondary school students of Kamiyaran city. The studied population included all the students of the second year of secondary education in Kamiyaran city (3720 people) and 348 people were selected as a sample based on Cochran's formula. The research was carried out using a descriptive survey method. The data collection tools were standard questionnaires by Bresso et al. (1997), behaviors that promote academic health by Salehzadeh et al. (2016), motivational beliefs by Pintrich and DeGroot (1990) and problem solving style by Cassidy and Long (1996), which after estimating validity and reliability It was distributed among the respondents. The data were analyzed using SPSS27 and AMOS software, and the results of the path analysis showed that the conceptual model for predicting academic burnout based on behaviors that promote academic health and motivational beliefs with the mediation of problem-solving style fits with the experimental model. The results of the hypothesis test showed that behaviors that promote academic health and motivational beliefs predict students' academic burnout. Also, behaviors that promote academic health and motivational beliefs predict students' academic burnout through problem solving style.

This research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of attention games on math performance, working memory and selective attention of fifth grade students in Marivan city. Relatedly, it can be said that the study method has been carried out in the category of applied studies, and since the therapeutic sessions have been determined for this purpose, it can be said that the implementation method of the research was quasi-experimental, that is, pre-test - post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study is all the fifth grade students of Marivan city in the academic year of 1402- 1403,whose number according to the opinion of primary education experts of Marivan city was 2690 people, who (due to the availability of urban school researchers) as the target population study were selected, considering that it is not possible to involve all the students of urban schools in the research, therefore, 30 students of the fifth grade of Marivan city were selected by simple random sampling in two control and experimental groups, so that 15 of the students in The control group and 15 other people were selected in the experimental group. In this regard, among all 2690 fifth grade students in Marivan city, 150 questionnaires including math performance, working memory and selective attention were distributed among the fifth grade students, then after submitting the questionnaires, among these 150 people, 30 The students whose score was lower than the standard score of these variables were selected as samples so that they were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups, 15 people each. The research data collection tools were the standard math self-efficacy questionnaires of Middleton and Migoli (1997), Ridley and Strobe's color word test (1935) and the working memory test of Danmin and Carpenter (1980). The results obtained in the hypothesis test showed that significance level obtained for the post-test of the math performance variable is 0.044, for active memory is 0.012, and for the post-test of selective attention is 0.041. This means that the variables were mutually influential. . Therefore, from a statistical point of view, it can be said that attention games have had an impact on math performance, working memory and selective attention of fifth grade students. And according to the value of F in the post-test of the active memory variable, which is 7.40 more than the value of F in other variables.

The aim of this research was to predict school phobia disorder based on school atmosphere and academic enthusiasm with the mediation of social anxiety in second grade high school students of Javanroud city. The method of this research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive method, which was carried out in a survey style. The statistical population was made up of all the secondary school students of the city of Javanrood, whose number was 5826. The sample size was 360 people using Cochran's formula, and the sampling method was random clustering. The tools of data collection were school fear questionnaires by Bemahr (1999), school atmosphere by Marino and Sminson (2016), academic enthusiasm by Fredericks et al. (2004) and social anxiety by Wells (1994). Data analysis was done using 26 software, and the normality of the data was checked with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and the hypotheses were tested with the Pearson correlation coefficient test, regression and structural equation model. According to the results of Pearson's correlation coefficient test, there is an inverse and significant relationship between school atmosphere and academic enthusiasm with school phobia disorder in the second year high school students of Javanroud city. Also, the regression results showed that school climate variables (students' relationships = ?.-163, students' relationships with teachers = ?.-032, educational emphasis = ?.-119, and shared values and beliefs = ?.-064 ?), academic enthusiasm (behavioral = ?.-033, emotional = ?.-035 and cognitive = ?.-047) and social anxiety (? = ?.084) are predictors of school phobia disorder in students. p<5%). Also, the results of the structural equation technique indicated that social anxiety plays a mediating role in predicting school phobia disorder based on school atmosphere and academic enthusiasm in secondary school students of Javanrood city. Therefore, the results showed that school atmosphere and academic enthusiasm can predict school phobia disorder in secondary school students of Javanroud city by mediating social anxiety.

The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting academic engagement and academic performance based on general self-efficacy and Attribution style with the mediation of epistemological beliefs in high school students. The current research is a descriptive correlation type (path analysis) in terms of its practical purpose and design. The study population of the present study was all the second high school students of Sanandaj city in the first semester of 2023-2024, numbering 14000 people. The sample size was determined based on the Plant formula and according to the number of variables of the research, the number of 258 people was determined by the available method. To collect the data needed for the research, Pham and Taylor (1990) academic performance questionnaire, Rio and Tsing (2011) academic engagement, Seligman and Singh (1982) documentary style, Scherer general self-efficacy (1982) and Schumer's epistemological beliefs (1998) were used. Became. In order to analyze the data, the path analysis test was used, and the results showed that academic engagement and academic performance can be predicted based on general self-efficacy and attribution style with the mediation of epistemological belief in secondary school students; Also, the results showed that there is a direct relationship between attribution styles and self-efficacy with academic performance and between attribution styles and self-efficacy or academic engagement.

The present study has been carried out in order to investigate the effectiveness of verbal self-teaching on responsibility, emotion regulation and self-concept of the sixth grade students of Marivan city. Considering its purpose, this study is of the type of applied studies, and considering the way of conducting this quasi-experimental study the pre-test, post-test was with the control group, the statistical population of the current research was all the sixth graders of Marivan city who are studying in the academic year 2018-2029. Their number is equal to 2300 people. And according to the process of experimental research, the sample size was randomly selected, and the sample size of the research was 24 students of the sixth grade of Marivan city, who were placed in 2 experimental and control groups. So that these 24 people were selected using random sampling method, so that 120 questionnaires were randomly distributed among all the sixth grade students of Marivan city, so that the students were asked to write their names on the questionnaires. And they were assured that their information will remain confidential, and finally, after collecting the questionnaire, 24 students whose scores were lower than the cutoff score of the questionnaires were selected as samples. The tools for collecting research data were the standard questionnaires of students' responsibility by Lewis (2001), emotion regulation by Gross and John (2003) and academic self-concept by Yasen Chen (2004). The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed at two descriptive and inferential levels. Descriptive results showed that verbal self-education has an effect on responsibility, emotional regulation and academic self-concept of students, so that this influence on the variable of academic self-concept according to the obtained F value (13.80) and the level of meaning It was less than 0.05 more than other variables.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of self-regulation training on academic burnout, procrastination and academic enthusiasm of secondary school students in Gilan-Ghreb city. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, it was a semi-experimental type of pre-test, post-test with a control group. The study population of the current research was all female students of the second secondary level of Gilan-Gharb city in the first semester of the academic year 2023-2023. Due to the semi-experimental nature of the research, the research sample consisted of 60 female students of the second high school level who were selected by available sampling and randomly placed in two control groups (30 people) and experimental group (30 people). In order to carry out this research, after the pre-test for the experimental group, the self-regulation training course was conducted for 8 sessions. The tools used in the current research were the academic burnout questionnaire of Bresso et al. (1997), the academic enthusiasm questionnaire of Schafley et al. (2002) and the academic procrastination scale of Solomon and Rothblum (1984). In order to analyze the data, the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test was used, and the results showed that self-regulation training has led to the reduction of academic burnout and procrastination, and the increase of students' academic enthusiasm.

This study was conducted in line with the lived experience of teachers in facing the disorder of students in the city of Marivan; which is among the applied researches based on the qualitative approach and using the phenomenological research method. Its statistical population included all teachers over 15 years of age in the elementary school of Marivan city in the academic year 1402-1403, whose number was equal to 280 people, the sampling method of the research was targeted; And to determine the adequacy of the sample, the rule of theoretical saturation was used. Based on this, the sample was saturated with the number of 30 people. In this research, semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. In order t prepare the interview questions, it was tried to design standard questions based on the level of education and fields related to the teachers. To analyze the questions, Claizi and thematic analysis methods were used. The results showed that "applying classroom regulations in relation to misbehaving students and giving results and grades to student activities, interfering and participating students" in the teaching process can be irregular in the teaching process . "Effective and positive communication and communication between teachers and parents in the field of education and its impact on the social culture of students" were obtained as a result of the psychological characteristics of disorderly students. The physical and psychological conditions of the classroom environment in the matter of students' disorder, the teacher's up- to-dateness in the matter of education and the classroom style were among the appropriate methods of managing disorder in the classroom, "order focused on the student and disorder or paying attention to the specified contracts" From the nature and type of disorder according to the teachers, "determining homework in the class and presenting homework to the students at the beginning of the class and directing them towards citizenship behavior and defining social roles" were among the ways of showing disorder among the students according to the teachers.

Dissertation abstract This research was conducted with the aim of predicting academic self-efficacy and self-regulation based on meta-memory with the mediation of implicit beliefs of study intelligence. This research consists of four meta-memory variables as independent variables, implicit beliefs of intelligence as mediator variables, self-efficacy and academic self-regulation as independent variables. The statistical population of the students of the second year of the second secondary school in Marivan city is 1800 people and the study method in this research is correlation and cluster sampling has been used, which is equal to 316 using the Morgan table and the Cochran formula. person The tools used in this research are the standard questionnaires of Tehsil Patrick's self-efficacy, Boufard's self-regulation, Trier's and Rich's meta-memory multi factorial questionnaires, as well as Abdul Fattah's and Bates' implicit intelligence beliefs. Also, in the descriptive part of the research, the methods of descriptive statistics, relative frequency distribution table and its percentage charts and obtaining average, variance and standard deviation statistics are used, and in the inferential part, Spearman correlation methods and multiple regression between research variables, path analysis are used. And the Sobel test is used. The results of data analysis have shown the confirmation of all research hypotheses and the significance of all factors in the conceptual model, in other words, there is a positive relationship between metamemory based on self-efficacy and self-regulation with the mediation of implicit intelligence beliefs. .

This study was conducted with the aim of modeling aggression and adaptation based on perceived parenting style with the mediation of mentalizing ability in students. In terms of the classification of research based on the purpose, the current research is of the type of applied research because it examines theoretical structures in real and scientific contexts and situations, and in terms of the nature of the method, it is a descriptive and survey type research. The statistical population of this study included all 2,500 first-year high school students in Marivan who are studying in 1402. Cluster sampling method and sample size of 333 students were selected from Marivan city. To collect data, Nislon's Anger and Aggression Questionnaire of Children and Adolescents (2000), Fonagy's Mentalization Questionnaire (2016), Baumrind's Parenting Methods Questionnaire (1973) and students' adjustment questionnaire (Sinha and Singh; 1993) was used. In order to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire, descriptive and inferential statistical methods (structural equations) from SMART PLS3 software were used. The results showed that mentalizing ability can play a mediating role in relation to aggression based on parenting style. But mentalizing ability could not play a mediating role in relation to adaptation based on parenting style. Also, the results indicated that between the style There is a relationship between parenting and adaptability, aggression, mentalizing ability in students. There is a relationship between the ability to mentalize and aggression in students, but there is no relationship between the ability to mentalize and adaptability in students.

The purpose of this research was to explain the concept of attachment in fathers aged 30-50. In terms of the fundamental goal, in terms of methodology, the current research method was qualitative and data theorizing based on the classical perspective. The population studied in the current research included fathers aged 30 to 50 in Saqez city. Sampling method in qualitative research that is exploratory in nature is improbable, and the sampling method in this research was selected as targeted and available. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and the process of interviews continued until the researcher reached theoretical saturation, and at the end, interviews were conducted with 25 people. The tool of data analysis was two-stage coding, and the findings were continued until the most abstract stage of coding, which is the actual coding in Kolazei's method, and a total of 39 open codes, 9 central codes, and 5 selective codes were extracted. In order to analyze the interview data, Nvivo software version 10 was used.

The purpose of this research is to predict communication beliefs and teaching style of teachers based on their mentalization ability and defense mechanisms. . The method of descriptive-survey research was of the correlation type and the statistical population was 450 female teachers working in education in Saqez city, from whom 210 were selected by simple random sampling using Morgan's table. Data collection tools were standardized questionnaires of defense mechanisms, mentalizing ability, teaching style and communication beliefs. The results of hypothesis testing were analyzed by software using correlation tests. The results showed that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between the ability to conceptualize with some components of teaching style and communication beliefs, and a negative and meaningful relationship with some components of teaching style and communication beliefs. Also, the results supported that the relationship between defense mechanisms has a positive and meaningful relationship with some components of teaching style and communication beliefs, and a negative and meaningful relationship with some components of teaching style and communication beliefs

The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the concept of a good enough mother (adequate mother) among the mothers of Baneh city. The current research method is a qualitative type of grounded theory that the statistical population in this research was formed by all mothers with children in Baneh city in 2022, according to the qualitative method, the sample size was selected in a targeted manner and sampling was done until theoretical saturation was reached. It continued, and the researcher referred to the mothers with children in Baneh city, conducted sampling and interviews, and the data collection tool is interviews. In this research, thematic analysis approach has been used to adequately identify the mother's components. It should be noted that in this research, all statistical analyzes in the qualitative section were performed with the help of Nvivo8 software. Also, the results showed that 138 basic themes were identified and the results of the first question showed that a good mother should be a counselor, honest and experienced, and the second question also specified that an adequate mother should have behavioral and verbal boundaries. Also, the results of the third question showed that an adequate mother should be decisive, kind, a manager and caring, and finally, the results of the fourth question also showed that a good mother should pay attention to the physical, mental, social, cultural and economic education of her child.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating and understanding the phenomenology of the problems and challenges of blind children in Kermanshah. The statistical population of this research was all the blind children of Kermanshah city, whose number was about 1000 people, using the available sampling method, the sample size was also up to the theoretical saturation level, which was 20 people; continued. The interview tool in this research was a semi-structured in-depth interview that lasted 30 minutes for each subject. Interviews were conducted by three-stage coding method (open, central and selective) using theme analysis method and using MAXQDA 2022 software. The results of the interviews in the form of 39 coders; 13 sub-themes and 4 main themes were reported. Sub-themes include conflicts and adaptation, characteristics of parents, dependence and support, household economy, defects in space, defects in facilities, management and planning, infrastructures and facilities, social support, relationships and social relations, negative emotions, skills They were individual and motivated. According to these results, it can be said that the authorities can provide plans for the deficiencies that have been provided to them so far based on their lived experiences, as well as self-declarations and referring to schools; Provide adequate budgets to solve educational problems (establishing higher level schools in the center of Kermanshah city) so that students can study without having to worry about migrating from the city or the countryside.

The purpose of the present study was to explain the concept of attachment in mothers aged 30 to 50 in Dehgolan city; The statistical population of this study was 25,215 mothers aged 30 to 50 in the city in 1401, the sample size of interviews with 20 mothers aged 30 to 50 was available through targeted sampling and snowball method. In terms of the objective, the current research is among applied researches, and in terms of the research method, it was conducted with a qualitative approach and using the descriptive phenomenological method. The tool for collecting the findings was a semi-structured interview with the general guidance method, and Strauss and Corbin's method was used to analyze the findings. The findings of the research showed that the explanation of attachment to answer the first question of the research is placed in two main categories and three components. The categories in two axes of secure attachment including subcategories (trust and communication) and 26 concepts and insecure attachment (with the subcategory of alienation from spouse and children) and 10 concepts were obtained. In response to the second question about mothers' semantic understanding of the concept of attachment, four subcategories were extracted, namely, stable and reliable relationships, self-belief, ease in sharing feelings with spouse, children, and others, avoidant attachment, and 12 concepts.

Attachment theory refers to the nature of the relationship that is formed between the child and his primary caregiver. This research was conducted with the aim of comparing attachment style, theory of mind and self-esteem in late-learning and normal children in Marivan city. Psychological theories and research conducted in this field have been used to compile the theoretical foundations of the research. This research was done by survey method and using questionnaire tool. The research questionnaire was implemented on 100 normal students and 100 students with learning disabilities. The descriptive results of the research showed that the students' attachment was relatively high. Also, most of the respondents said that they have achieved a high level of theory of mind. And the average self-esteem of students was relatively high. The test of research hypotheses showed that the average attachment of normal students was higher than that of students with late learning disorder. Also, the average mental level of normal students is higher than students with late learning disorder. And the average self-esteem of normal students is higher than that of students with learning disabilities.

The general purpose of the research is to predict moral judgment and critical thinking based on ego strength with the mediation of personality traits in high school students. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlation type. The statistical population was made up of all the second year high school students of Saqez city in the academic year of 1400-1401 in the number of 4941 (2289 girls and 2652 boys) in this research. The size of the statistical sample was 357 people based on Morgan's table. The selection of this sample size was made through relative stratified sampling from the schools of Saqez city. Data collection tools include Barron's Ego Strength Questionnaire (1995); Ritex Critical Thinking Questionnaire (2003); The moral judgment questionnaire of Sinha and Varma (1998) and the personality questionnaire of Paul, T. Costa and Robert R. McCree (1992) were used to analyze the data. Descriptive and inferential methods were used. To analyze the data at the inferential level for research hypotheses, structural equation analysis was used under PLS software. The results of the research showed that ego strength has a significant relationship with the mediation of personality traits, moral judgment and critical thinking in high school students. Also, ego strength predicts moral judgment and critical thinking through the mediation of personality traits.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the dos and don't of teachers from the perspective of the teachers of Kamiyaran city. This research is an applied research and qualitative approach was used using phenomenological research method. The research population consisted of: all the teachers working in the schools of Kamiyaran city who were teaching in this city in 1400-1401. The research sample was 20 colleagues working in Kamiyaran city, who were selected based on purposeful sampling. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. According to the results obtained from the views of the teachers, a total of 80 main topics (open code) were extracted from the interviews, which afte

The main purpose of this study was to predict the attachment style and creative thinking of female adolescents based on parenting style and father perfectionism in Islamabad Gharb city. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The study population included female adolescents. The second high school of Islamabad Gharb city was in 1400, the statistical sample size included 264 people, who were selected by simple random sampling. Data collection tools in this study include Bamrind parenting style questionnaires, Collins and Reed adult attachment styles, creative receptive thinking and multidimensional scale of identity perfectionism. In inferential statistics section, research hypotheses using inferential statistics test. Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were tested. The results showed: there is no significant relationship between adolescents 'secure attachment style and fathers' negligent parenting. There is no significant relationship between adolescents 'secure attachment style and fathers' authoritarian parenting style. There is a significant positive relationship with fathers' rational authority parenting, there is no significant relationship between adolescents' avoidant attachment style and fathers' negligent parenting style, there is a significant negative relationship between adolescents' avoidant attachment style and fathers' authoritarian parenting style. There is no significance, there is no significant relationship between adolescents' anxious attachment style and fathers' careless parenting, between adolescents' anxious attachment style There is no significant relationship between adolescents 'anxious attachment style and fathers' rational authority parenting, there is a significant negative relationship between adolescents 'secure attachment style and fathers' perfectionism, adolescents 'avoidant attachment style and fathers' perfectionism There is no significance, there is a significant positive relationship between adolescents 'anxious attachment style and fathers' perfectionism, there is no significant relationship between adolescents 'creative thinking and fathers' permissive careless parenting style, there is a significant negative relationship between adolescents 'creative thinking and fathers' authoritarian parenting style There is a significant positive relationship between adolescents 'creative thinking and parenting rational authority. Parents' parenting styles and perfectionism significantly have the ability to predict creative thinking, avoidant attachment style, safe and anxiety of female adolescents.

This purpose of this study was to reviewing phenomenology of childhood trauma in current life the fathers. This research was a fundamental research and was based on qualitative approach and phenomenological research method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all fathers living in Dehgolan in 2021. The sample size was 21 men who were selected by purposeful sampling then we reached theoretical saturation. To collect information, semi-structured interviews were used and data were analyzed using a seven-stage colaizzi’s method. By examining and analyzing 27 axial code and 10 selected codes were obtained. According to the results, it can be concluded that if the childhood trauma is not healed, it will come with a person to adulthood, and will be the ground for individual, interpersonal and social, family and job problems.

The death of one parent leads to changes at the family level and has significant effects on many children and their relationship with the surviving parent and teachers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experience of mothers in life with children without a father (deceased). The method of conducting the present study is qualitative in terms of practical purpose, cross-sectional in terms of strategy, and qualitative in terms of strategy. The research field included all mothers with fatherless children. Based on the principle of theoretical saturation, 20 people were selected as a research sample using purposive sampling. The tool used in this study is an in-depth interview that was conducted in a semi-structured manner with mothers that the duration of each interview was between 30 and 60 minutes. For data analysis, the seven-step method of Claizey and Dickelman method and thematic analysis with the help of Maxqda statistical software version 12 were used. The results showed that the main themes presented are: promotion of physical health and mental health of children, promotion of interpersonal skills, promotion of belief-moral skills, promotion of belief-moral skills, environmental skills, life skills in The age of information and communication technology, the development of children's intellectual and political thinking skills, the development of economic skills and their income and expenditure management, social and citizenship skills.

The aim of the present study was to understand teachers' semantic understanding of the concept of freedom. The present study uses qualitative-grounded theory method and semi-structured interview to collect the required information about the objectives of the research. The study population of this study includes primary school teachers in Marivan city, which has been continued by non-random sampling and purposeful method with 12 participants until theoretical saturation. The results indicate that freedom in the perspective of primary school teachers in Marivan means doing the desired action and expressing the desired opinion, with certain limits that are determined by law, culture, nature and a correct understanding of freedom. It is also necessary for freedom to be realized in society because it causes the flourishing of talents, the dynamism of society, the correction of society's mistakes and the perfection of human beings. The mentality of individuals, dictatorial rule, lack of liquidity in society and fear are also obstacles and restrictions on the realization of freedom. In education, too, teachers have stated that there is no freedom for them and their students, and that the school principal and the curriculum focus on the restrictions on freedom in schools.

The aim of this study was to predict the personality traits and ego power of girls based on parents' communication patterns and their family's emotional climate. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this study included about 600 female high school students in the academic year 1401-1400 in Baneh city and according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 234 people were selected by simple random sampling. Data collection methods were Neo Costa and McCray five-factor personality questionnaire, Ego Markstrom et al.'s power questionnaire, Koerner and Fitzpatrick's parents' communication patterns questionnaire, and the Hillburn family emotional questionnaire. Pearson correlation method and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the statistical data. Statistical data were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis test in software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the components and the components of parental communication patterns and emotional atmosphere of the family can predict personality traits and ego power in girls; In other words, communication patterns in trees have a significant effect on all personality traits and predict them. And there is a significant relationship between personality traits and family emotional status in girls; The component of communication patterns of dialogue and conformity in trees has a significant effect on the power of ego and predicts them. There is also a significant relationship between ego power and family emotional atmosphere in girls.

One of the major elements without which the formation of educational organizations is not possible is the educational human resources of those organizations, ie teachers. It is often observed that teachers feel dissatisfied with their job, which can have causes or factors such that Do not allow teachers with a high morale to play an effective role in educating students. The purpose of this study is to examine the resources that undermine teachers' attachment on their profession In order to increase the reliability of the research tool, validation or review by the interviewees has been used. The study population in this study includes teachers of Sanandaj city, 25 of whom were interviewed as participants in the interview using a purposeful method. After theoretical saturation ،In the meantime, the results of the study showed that the sources of undermine teachers' attachment on their profession 'belonging include: individual, organizational, cultural, socio-political and economic challenges, all of which can undermine teachers' attachment on their profession.

Divorce is a social problem that has important individual and social consequences. Children of divorce face many psychological and educational problems during their lives, and it can even be said that children suffer the most from parental divorce. In this regard, the purpose of this qualitative research was to investigate the psychological and educational problems of divorced children from the perspective of parents, which was done using the theory method. The participants of this study were selected from the male high school students of Sanandaj in 2021 whose parents were divorced and it was done by non-random sampling and purposeful method with 25 participants. Semi-structured interview was the method used in this study and the interview and data analysis process continued until theoretical saturation. The results showed that the psychological and educational problems mentioned by the participants in this study included: anger and aggression, feelings Loneliness, sense of responsibility, stress and anxiety, feelings of jealousy, obsession, mental confusion, feelings of satisfaction, experience of psychological trauma, failure, suicide, guilt, depression, inattention, distrust of each other and also educational problems included the following components. Is, academic failure and academic failure, abnormal behavioral cost, inappropriate environment, extreme care, financial worries.

The aim of this study was to investigate the concept of tolerance in primary school teachers in Kamyaran. The research was qualitative and basic research. Among the qualitative methods, grounded theory method was selected for research. Semi-structured interviews were also used to collect data. Sample selection according to the qualitative research process using the theoretical saturation method And the sampling process continues until some kind of information saturation is achieved. People with good knowledge of the subject were selected as participants. In the 15th person, information saturation was obtained and up to 17 people were interviewed. The recorded interviews were implemented on WORD software and open coding was performed using MAXQDA software and the basic concepts were extracted. In the next step, axial coding was performed and subcategories were identified And In the last stage, selective coding was performed and the main categories were obtained. According to the purpose of researching the concept of tolerance from the perspective of elementary teachers, It includes three general areas: individual factors, environmental determinants, and relationship utility. At the end of the work, he analyzes and interprets each of the areas And limitations and suggestions for future research were provided.

Justice is one of the approaches that is effective in today's educational society as a successful approach in an organization such as education. In educational environments, justice is achieved when learners can achieve scientific and religious goals through inputs and processes in schools. , Social and educational; Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the perception of education administrators of educational justice (studied by high school principals in Sarvabad). This research is an exploratory and applied study due to its qualitative approach; Due to its exploratory nature, it has been used based on grounded theory. The statistical population of this study consists of all public school principals in Sarvabad city; According to the statistics of the experts of the education department of this city, 25 principals were working in secondary schools in the city. In this research, sampling was purposeful according to the sampling logic of qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect research findings. The research findings were analyzed using contextual analysis. The results showed that the perception of education administrators of educational justice in the indicators of attention to public access to education without individual differences, comprehensive attention to the curriculum and It was meritocracy.

Background and Aims: The purpose of this study is to predict the personality profile and moral development of adolescents in Karaj city based on the personality and power of mothers Ego. Methods: This is a correlational study and was conducted among adolescents in Karaj in 1399. Sample of this study: 384 adolescents in Karaj who were studied in an accessible way. The measurement tools in this study are 4 questionnaires, ego power psychology, NEW-FFI personality questionnaire, personality organization and moral transformation questionnaire (us). Descriptive statistical methods including mean and standard deviation and inferential statistical methods including multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The data of this study were analyzed using software. Results: The results of regression analysis showed that ego power and personality organization at a significant level of 0.005 can predict adolescent personality profile. Also, the variables of ego power and maternal personality organization at a significant level of 0.005 can predict the moral development of adolescents. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the power of ego and maternal personality organization has a negative and significant effect on neuroticism and extroversion, but on three personalities, acceptance of the experience of responsibility and adaptation has a positive and significant effect.

Given the role of the ego management system, all psychological problems arise when the ego is unable to perform its responsibilities. One of the factors affecting mental health is the power of ego and identifying the variables that affect it can play an effective role in the development process of teachers in teaching and learning methods. Emotional processing and psychological resilience as key predictor variables in the present study. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between ego power and emotional processing and psychological resilience in female teachers in Kermanshah. The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and a correlational descriptive research method in which the relationship between predictor variables and criteria is examined. In this study, the ego power of the variable is the criterion, emotional processing and cognitive flexibility of the variable, which are measured through the use of research tools, which is a questionnaire, and the relationships between the variables are analyzed. Due to the nature of the subject and the study population, simple random sampling method was used and 335 people were selected as the sample. Data collection tools included the Acceptance and Practice Questionnaire (AAQ-II), the Baker et al. (2010) Emotional Processing Scale, and the Margostrom et al. (1997) Psychological Power Questionnaire. The results showed that the main hypothesis that ego power could predict emotional processing and cognitive flexibility was confirmed. The power of the ego can also predict emotional processing and cognitive flexibility. Emotional intelligence facilitates decision making and is a predictor of job performance. Likewise, psychological flexibility predicts job performance and facilitates decisions tailored to personal values.

The present study investigates the semantic representation of the educational activities of students and teachers of Shahed schools in Sanandaj in the academic year 1399-99, which is a qualitative and grounded theory that the statistical population of the study includes all teachers and students of Shahed schools in Sanandaj. In the academic year of 1398-99, they have been studying and working, which according to the sample method, 16 people (10 teachers and 6 students) have been determined. In this research, the method of in-depth interviews has been used to collect data and in order Data analysis was performed using the Klaizi method, and finally the concepts extracted from the two statistical samples studied, including teachers and students, were coded in three stages and in order to validate the validity by referring to each sample and asking about یافته Findings were made; In addition, two criteria of reliability and reliability were used to strengthen the research. In this research, the basic concepts were obtained, which were taken from the sayings of the self-researched, in other words, taken from their own language. The third level was related to the creation of components. At this stage, the concepts derived from coding in the previous stage were compared with each other, and the concepts that had a common meaning were placed under one component. To answer the main research question on how teachers and students semantically represent parenting activities; According to the results of stage coding, 24 concepts were extracted, which were finally coded in 5 subcategories and 3 main categories of cultural, artistic and socio-cultural. In order to answer the first sub-question on how students semantically represent parenting activities, challenges and problems of parenting activities; 37 concepts, 4 subcategories and 2 main categories were extracted. Finally, in order to answer the second sub-question of the research on how teachers' semantic representation of parenting activities, challenges and problems of parenting activities, 104 concepts, 4 subcategories and 2 main categories were extracted.

Background and Aims: The purpose of this study is to predict the personality profile and moral development of adolescents in Karaj city based on the personality and power of mothers Ego. Methods: This is a correlational study and was conducted among adolescents in Karaj in 1399. Sample of this study: 384 adolescents in Karaj who were studied in an accessible way. The measurement tools in this study are 4 questionnaires, ego power psychology, NEO-FFI personality questionnaire, personality organization and moral transformation questionnaire (us). Descriptive statistical methods including mean and standard deviation and inferential statistical methods including multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The data of this study were analyzed using software. Results: The results of regression analysis showed that ego power and personality organization at a significant level of 0.005 can predict adolescent personality profile. Also, the variables of ego power and maternal personality organization at a significant level of 0.005 can predict the moral development of adolescents. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the power of ego and maternal personality organization has a negative and significant effect on neuroticism and extroversion, but on three personalities, acceptance of the experience of responsibility and adaptation has a positive and significant effect.

Objective: The aim of this study was to predict the attitude of marriage in girls based on parenting styles and their mothers' personality organization. Method: The present study is in terms of descriptive-survey method with correlation approach and in terms of practical purpose. The statistical population of the study includes all single female students of universities (Payame Noor, Azad, Kurdistan and Medical Sciences) in Sanandaj in the academic year of 1998-99. There are 12,000 of them at the time of this study. Therefore, according to Morgan's table, 372 people were randomly selected as a statistical sample. The study used standard questionnaires from the parenting style of Parents Bury (1991), the Kنrnberg Personality Organization (2002) and the Marriage Attitude Scale (Bratton & Rosen, 1998). In order to analyze the data, the Clomogrov- Smirionov test was used to check the normality of the data, single-variable and multiple regression to examine the prediction of the dependent variable based on the independent variable using SPSS software at the error level of 0.05. Results: The results show that parenting styles and mothers' personality organization can predict the attitude towards marriage in girls. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that increasing the styles of liberation and regional authority and mothers 'personality organization can have a positive and direct effect on their daughters' attitudes towards marriage. Have.

The aim of this study was to predict coping styles and empathy based on the components of thematic relationships and self-esteem among police force in city Sanandaj. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method, it is one of the descriptive studies of correlation type. Statistical community, all employees The police stations in Sanandaj consisted of 450 people. According to the Cochran's table, 207 people were selected as the statistical sample by random sampling. Data collection tools consisted of four questionnaires: coping styles, empathy, thematic relationships, and self-esteem. The reliability of the questionnaires was assessed based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the four questionnaires of coping styles, empathy, thematic relationships and self-esteem,0/90, 0/81, 0/81, 0/77 respectively The acceptable reliability of the questionnaires was indicated. Solidarity matrix, linear and multiple regression, and path analysis were used to analyze the data after ensuring compliance with parametric preconditions. The findings showed that the components of thematic relationships (insecure attachment, self-centeredness, alienation and social inadequacy) had a negative and significant correlation with the developed dimension. They have a positive and significant correlation with undeveloped and psychotic dimensions. Also, self-esteem was observed with a developed and significant coping style with positive and significant correlation and with undeveloped and psychologically developed dimensions of negative and significant correlation. In relation to empathy, the dimensions of thematic relations have nothing but insecure attachment Solidarity was significant and negative, and self-esteem has a positive and significant correlation with empathy. Finally, it can be said that the components of thematic relationships and self-esteem can predict empathy and coping styles.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of self-regulated education on reducing bullying and increasing emotional intelligence of first grade secondary school male students in the city of Dehgolan was completed in the year 1397-98. the research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. the statistical population of this study was all male high school students in Dehgolan (Includes 4 schools and 360 people) in the academic year of 1397-1398. to select the sample in this study, First, all male high school students were identified. the sample of this study consists of 40 people from this community who were selected by multi-stage cluster randomization sampling. They were randomly divided into experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups and The intervention group received the necessary training. the tool used in this research was bullying questionnaire (BS) Patchin and Hinduja (2011) And emotional intelligence questionnaire (Schutte, et. al, 2001) and Self- regulation training was taught to the experimental group. The results of the covariance test showed that teaching self-regulation strategies were effective on reducing bullying and increasing emotional intelligence in first grade secondary school male students. Therefore, it is recommended that education authorities organize training workshops on self-regulated strategies to increase the awareness of teachers and other educational authorities in the country and This will improve the educational quality and the educational and psychological status of the students.

This study aims at determining the effects of verbal self-instruction on decreasing the symptoms of attention defective / hyperactivity disorder, social aggression, and anxiety in children. In order to do the research Quay Petersons behavior problem checklist was distributed among 60 parents of 8 and 9 years old students having this disorder. Among them 16 students suffered from attention defective hyperactive disorder, social aggression and anxiety who got higher score. They had also gone to psychological clinics in Saqqez and selected randomly into two test and control groups. The interference of the test group was 15 90 minute sessions of verbal self-instruction for 5 weeks. After 5 weeks the post test was carried out. The data were analyzed using single variable analysis of covariance. The findings indicated that verbal self-instruction had effective impacts on decreasing the symptoms of attention defective hyperactive disorder and anxiety( p<0/05). However, it did not have significant impacts on social aggression disorder. According to the findings, it can be claimed that teaching verbal self-instruction to students, who suffer from defective attention hyperactive disorder and anxiety, can be considered as an effective method to alleviate the symptoms and curing these disorders.

The purpose of this research is the comparison of conflict with parents.identify and mental health methods in adolescent parents of different ages. The statistical society of this research contains all students of high school in 1398in Sanandig that they are about 10000people. role model based on Morgan table of Cochran formula is 373people . Samplings method is randomize considering that some of students did not answer to the Questionnaire completely. Number of school were selected through both 1and 2areasand 287person of students were selected form 4girl schools and 3boys school as sample. Measurement tools include standard questionnaires and its reliability was calculated by the coronbach alpha. Also a descriptive statistics method for describing research data and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.there is no difference bet ween parent conflict in adolescents with Different age groups. There is no difference bet ween the identity styles of adolescent fathers of different age groups .there is no difference between the mental health components of adolescent with fathers of different age groups.

The purpose of the present study was to predict the addiction tendency based on the identity and mental health style of secondary school students in Sanandaj. This research was applied in terms of purpose and according to the type of research except descriptive-correlational programs, the statistical society The present study was carried out by all students in the second and middle school district of one and two urban schools in Sanandaj city who were studying in the schools of this area during the academic year of 1998-97. Cluster sampling method was used for sampling so that the education of Sanandaj city was considered to be two regions (regions one and two) as a cluster, then from each district several schools as a cluster and from among Schools were selected. The instruments used to measure the addiction tendency scale (ASQ), the EOM-EIS identity style scale and the general health questionnaire of GHQ-28. In order to analyze the data, Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used in version 24 and AMOS version 24 software. The results showed that there is a relationship between addiction tendency and identity styles in secondary school students in Sanandaj , That is, the variable of identity styles such as (turbulent identity style with beta coefficient (0.14) and advanced identity style with beta coefficient (0.15) had a relatively large share in explaining the variable of addiction tendency, as well as between addiction and mental health talent There is a relation between secondary school students in Sanandaj, which means that the sub-scales of mental health variable (anxiety with beta coefficient (0.125) and depression with a beta coefficient (0.99) have a relatively large share in The explanation for the addictive talent variable has been.

The general purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and attachment style with Test anxiety of first high school student in the kurani region ، one of the kurdestans regions.due to the low number of students ،all of kuranies students (including 120girls and 103 boys)were selected as sample i the study. In this research ،Friedman test anxiety questionnaire ،Golemans emotional intelligence questionnaire and Kolinz and Reed attachment style questionnaire were used to measure variables.to analyze the collected data ، at first in descriptive level using statistics indicator ،the characteristics of the research will be describe.then on the inferential level ، Pearson correlation coefficient and Independent T-test are using to find the relation ship between the variables if the research. Regarding the goals and hypotheses of the research and result of the pearson correlation method ، it determines that there is no meaning relation ship betwee the emotional intelligences variables (as well as the four components of its five components)and avoidant attachment style and anxiety attachment style with test anxiety (and its three components ) (p> 0.05). Also ، there is a significant difference between elf-motivatio component in emotional intelligence and secure attachment style among boys and girls.the average score of ecure attachment style in boys is more than that of girls. Average score of self-motivation in boy is more than that of girls .also there is negative correlation between emotional intelligence and test anxiety( r = - 0.005).also there is negative correlatio betwee empathy، self-motivation ، self-regulation and social skill with test anxiety (correlation coefficients respectively including - /007، - /021 ، - /059 ، - /036).

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stress management strategies training on reducing test anxiety symptoms and vice versa, increasing self-efficacy symptoms among high school students in Nooshin Shahr. This experimental study was a pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of this study was all high school students in Noushin Shahr who had an exam anxiety and referred to school counselors during the school year. They were. From the statistical population of the study, 30 subjects with anxiety test were selected and assigned to two groups (control and test): the instruments of the Sarason test anxiety disorder and Shurz's general self-efficacy questionnaire were used in two stages: pre-test and post-test The data analysis method was a covariance analysis test. The results indicated that test anxiety in the experimental group was significantly reduced in comparison with the control group at the post-test stage, and vice versa, the autoimmune symptoms in the experimental group were increased in comparison with the control group, thus, it could be claimed Stress management strategies are effective on students with anxiety tests with low self-efficacy and can be used as an effective treatment for reducing test anxiety and increasing self-efficacy in students and students

The purpose of this study was to predict communication beliefs and life satisfaction based on attachment styles and psychological security in elementary school female teachers. The research method was correlation and the population of the study included all female teachers working in the elementary school of Saqez city who taught in the academic year of 1396-97. The sample consisted of 220 teachers who were randomly selected by simple random sampling. The data collection tools were Hassan & Shaver Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire (1978), Maslow's Psychological Security Questionnaire (2004), Idelson & Epstein's Relationship Beliefs Questionnaire (1981), and Diner's Satisfaction With Life Scale (1985). Using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression the data analyzed, and the results showed that attachment styles had no significant relationship with relationship beliefs, had a direct relationship with life satisfaction, as well as psychological security with relationship beliefs has negative relation but with life satisfaction has a direct and positive relation

The purpose of this study was to predict a passion for education based on academic satisfaction and critical thinking of students in Kurdistan University. The statistical population consisted of all students of Kurdistan University studying in the first semester of education 2017-2018 year. The total population of the students was 9652. According to Krejcie and Morgan's table, the sample population is approximately 370 people. However, this study finally selected 372 people using cluster sampling. In order to collect the data, a questionnaire of 1-scale academic readiness (Fredericks, Blumenfild and Paris), 2-researcher-made scale of satisfaction from researched scholarship (Shakurnia, Alijani, Najjar and Elhampour, 2014), and 3-critical thinking scale (Ritex). . To analyze the data in this study, 24 software was used for analyzing descriptive indexes and inferential indicators, including for testing the research hypotheses from the correlation matrix, then, in order to investigate and respond to the research question, the regression test Step-by-Step method was used. According to the tests, the hypotheses and research questions were confirmed and became meaningful. Therefore, it can be concluded that satisfaction with education and critical thinking can predict the passion for education. By considering these variables and developing these characteristics in students in the educational environment, they increase their willingness, motivation, and They became an enthusiastic scholarship and they were able to further improve their academic performance.

The main purepose this research is, investigation the possibility an predicate cognitive flexibility and questioning high- school students in HAMEDAN base on multiple- intelligence. The method of this research is descriptive and kind of correlation statistical social in this research include all daughter high- school students in HAMEDAN, and they are 5000 person. Sample statistical include 351 person to chosed by cluster sampling. The main instrument for gathering information in this research include cognitive flexibility inventories', questioning and multiple intelligence. For data analysis' used of kolmograph- SMEROVOVE inferential statistics test and MATRIS correlation and multi variance. The result show that: there are positive meaningful relationship between motor- physical intrapersonal – interpersonal with students cognitive- flexibility, and there are not meaningful relationship between mathematic- logical someplace linguistic musical intelligence and naturalist intelligence with cognitive flexibility about the students. There are not meaningful relationship between linguistic intelligence, mathematical- logical intelligence, motor- physical, interpersonal with the students questioning. There are not direct meaningful relationship between intrapersonal, musical, naturalist with students questioning. Interpersonal someplace intelligence and motor physical intelligence into meaningful have an ability to predicate students cognitive flexibility. Naturalist intelligence & linguistic intelligence into meaningfulness have an ability to predicate students questioning.

The aim of this research was to predict bullying among students in first grade of junior high schools in Sarpoole Zahab town, based on attachment and tolerance styles. Its method was descriptive correlation. Its statistical community is all male students in first grade of junior high school through the study year 1395- 96 in Sarpoole Zahab town, and its population was about 1334. Its statistical sample was 297 male students in the mentioned grade that were chosen based on Cochrane formula. The applied tools of the research are Hozen fondness scale (1985),Conner and Davidson' tolerance (2003), and Regebi and Esli's bullying cale (1993). Its results, based on Pierrson correlation coefficient and multiple regression, showed that there is a negative significant relation between safe fondness style and bullying among the students, a positive significant relation between unsafe ambivalent fondness style and bullying, and a negative significant relation between avoiding unsafe fondness style and bullying among the students. There is a negative significant relation between tolerance and bullying among the students. Avoiding unsafe fondness style, unsafe ambivalent fondness, and tolerance variants respectively predict bullying among the students.